March 20th, 2012 | Comments Off

Edith Wharton, the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for literature, was born on January 24, 1862, 150 years ago today.

Born Edith Newbold Jones into a wealthy American family — her family is said to have been the Joneses of “keeping up with the Joneses” fame — she was raised in part in Europe, and published her first stories and poetry even before she made her debut in society.

She went on to write 49 volumes of fiction, nonfiction, and poetry. Some of her most famous works explore the precarious position of women who defy society’s expectations Replica Rolex Watches, through characters including Lily Bart in The House of Mirth and Countess Ellen Olenska in The Age of Innocence.

Wharton also designed and built The Mount, a country home in Lenox Replica Tag heuer watches, Massachusetts, which is now a National Historic Landmark, one of very few dedicated to women.

A number of events to celebrate the sesquicentennial of her birth are planned throughout the spring.

March 20th, 2012 | Comments Off

One of the biggest questions Egypt faces, if it is to embark on a meaningful process of democratic transition, is who will oversee the required legislative, constitutional, and institutional reforms. In other words, how is it possible to create a legitimate, rights-respecting government out of the discredited status quo?

Could the current National Democratic Party-dominated parliament — itself the product of rigged elections — really be counted on to amend the constitution and change laws that have allowed the party to exclude other voices? Could a reconfigured version of the current government, delegitimized by decades of repression, torture and emergency rule, credibly supervise the police and other government agencies in providing security during elections?

Some answers might be found in Peru, which successfully navigated a similar transition not too long ago. After the collapse of President Alberto Fujimori’s mafia-like, authoritarian government in 2000, an interim government led by the president of Congress, Valentín Paniagua, not only oversaw new elections that were widely viewed as free and fair, but also took major steps to re-establish the rule of law and respect for human rights in the country.

The interim government established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission that brought to light thousands of abuses against civilians during the country’s internal armed conflict. It also established an office for an independent anti-corruption prosecutor, which exposed the workings of the Fujimori government and brought many of the worst offenders — including, years later, Fujimori himself — to account, in trials that were generally considered fair. After years of systematic corruption, ruling party control of state institutions, and human rights violations, Peru made a clean break with the repression of the past and started a new chapter.

But this successful outcome was far from certain at first. It was only possible because of two key factors: First Replica Tag heuer watches, the total discrediting of the previous leadership. And second, the independence and public legitimacy of the interim government.

The immediate trigger for Fujimori’s fall was a huge corruption scandal, in which videotapes surfaced of his close adviser, Vladimiro Montesinos, bribing an opposition congressman to switch to Fujimori’s side. The scandal came on the heels of large protests over what were widely perceived as fraudulent elections in 2000, as well as increasing public dissatisfaction with the Fujimori government’s corrupt infiltration of every state institution, including the Congress, military and the judiciary, as well as much of the media. Many of his cronies were exposed in bribe-taking schemes. So by the time Fujimori fled, they had also been completely discredited in the eyes of the public.

The public rejection extended to Fujimori’s hand-picked vice-president, who decided to step down after Fujimori’s departure. The US Ambassador to Peru at the time, John Hamilton, said later that he encouraged the vice-president to step aside, even though the United States had been linked to Montesinos and lost much public credibility by backing Fujimori until the last minute.

With Fujimori’s entire network of collaborators suddenly falling apart, the path was clear for Paniagua, next in the chain of succession, to make the necessary changes. Peru was fortunate in that the public and all political parties perceived Paniagua as independent, inclusive and honest. He increased public confidence by staffing his government with highly respected figures, such as Javier Pérez de Cuellar, the Peruvian former secretary-general of the United Nations, prominent civil society leaders who had long criticized the Fujimori government Replica Cartier watches, and respected academics. Paniagua also refused to run for president. Perhaps most important: the members of the interim government were clearly committed to making human rights and the rule of law a top priority, above and beyond partisan interests.

Is a similar path possible in Egypt? That’s not yet clear. While Mubarak and the NDP appear to be thoroughly discredited in the public eye, they are clinging to power. And the official chain of succession appears to be completely in their hands. If the transition is led by Mubarak, or those close to him who have a stake in perpetuating the status quo, the way forward will be much trickier, a constant struggle between those calling for meaningful change and those who would seek to undermine it.

But the events of last few days suggest that Egypt does have many independent voices, willing and ready to come together to pursue a common cause. And should a truly independent interim government — one that is serious about making Egypt a country that respects its citizens’ rights — lead the way forward, Egypt’s democratic transition may have a real chance at success.

Maria McFarland is deputy Washington director for Human Rights Watch.

March 20th, 2012 | Comments Off

Part 3 in an ongoing series about keeping your business assets safe in the event of divorce. Part 1 can be found here. Part 2 can be found here.

There are a number of things that you can do at the “entity” level of your business that could prevent your husband from keeping an ownership interest in your business.

Buy-Sell Agreements – Almost every business that has two or more owners has, or should have, a buy-sell agreement in place (if you don’t, you need to get this taken care of ASAP!)

A well-drafted buy-sell agreement will determine exactly how, and under what terms and conditions, the transfer of an ownership interest in the business will take place, if and when, certain “triggering events” occur, such as the death, disability, departure (quits, gets fired, retires) or, for our purposes, the divorce of one of the owners.

Since the ownership interests in a closely held business are fairly illiquid, a well-drafted buy-sell agreement should provide for:

• a market for the sale and/or purchase of those ownership interests
• a mechanism to determine the price, terms and conditions for the sale and/or purchase of those ownership interests
• the source of funds for the purchase of any ownership interests (life or disability insurance, a sinking fund, cash on hand, line-of-credit or a loan, a combination thereof, etc.).

In addition, a buy-sell agreement can (and often should) do the following:

• prohibit an owner (or his/her estate) from transferring and/or selling any ownership interests to third parties without the prior written consent of the other owners
• restrict the ownership of any interest in the business to an existing group
• automatically convert the ownership interest into a non-voting interest upon a triggering event
• provide the business and/or other owners with the mandatory right or right-of- first-refusal to buy the ownership interests from any departing owner Replica Tag heuer Watches, the estate of a deceased owner or the ex-spouse of a current or departed owner
• require all owners to have an acceptable prenuptial agreement in place before marriage or remarriage that would require that owner’s soon-to-be-spouse to waive any and all rights to any ownership interest in the business in the event of a future divorce.

Operating Agreement/Partnership Agreement/Shareholders Agreement – For our purposes, all of these agreements are synonymous. In general, Operating Agreements are used with Limited Liability Companies, Partnership Agreements are used with Partnerships Replica Tag heuer Watches, including Limited Partnerships and Shareholder Agreements are used for C and S Corporations.

The purpose of these agreements is to formalize the understanding between you and the other owners as to how the business will be owned and managed. Even though it is not a legal requirement for your business to have such an agreement, it certainly makes good business sense to do so. Without having some type of operating agreement in place, your business might be forced to operate in accordance with your home state’s default operating requirements. Wouldn’t you rather manage and operate your business the way you want to, instead of the way your state has pre-decided?

In addition, a well-drafted agreement will stipulate what is expected of each owner; how profits and losses are assigned; procedures for transferring, buying and/or selling ownership interests; and just about anything else you want it to say, including restrictions on the ability of ex-spouses of owners to have any ownership interests whatsoever in the business.

In most cases, the buy-sell language is either included in the operating/partnership/shareholders agreement or it is contained in a separate buy-sell agreement.

——————————————–
Jeffrey A. Landers, CDFA™ is a Divorce Financial Strategist™ and the founder of Bedrock Divorce Advisors, LLC ( a divorce financial strategy firm that exclusively works with women, who are going through, or might be going through, a financially complicated divorce. He also advises women business owners on what steps they can take now to “divorce-proof” their business in the event of a future divorce. He can be reached at Landers@BedrockDivorce.com.

All articles/blog posts are for informational purposes only, and do not constitute legal advice. If you require legal advice, retain a lawyer licensed in your jurisdiction. The opinions expressed are solely those of the author, who is not an attorney.

March 20th, 2012 | Comments Off

City travel and shopping go together like frick and frack. But in today’s era of personalization and customization, there’s nothing like tailor-made clothing. I’ve had garments constructed and altered in Amsterdam Replica Tag heuer Watches, New York and of course Hong Kong and been pleased with my unique take-backs to the States. Beyond the usual HK or Milan tailor trek, every true gent knows that getting suited up in London’s Savile Row is the ultimate.

Not too long ago Replica Cartier watches, Rizzoli released a beautiful book called Bespoke: The Men’s Style of Savile Row by James Sherwood, and I had the chance to read it and learn about the pop culture, history and inner workings of Savile Row, and its vicinity (Bond Street, Cork Street, and so on) — in advance of my upcoming trip to London. Check out my short video (below) on Bespoke and Savile Row.

March 19th, 2012 | Comments Off

You’ve waited all your life for this moment — the man you love gets down on one knee, takes out a small box, opens it and lets out the magic words, “Will you marry me?” As you’re about to shout out, “Yes!” you take one look at that ring and think, “Oh No!”



The reality sets in: you hate the ring. You let him slip it on your finger yet you’re left wondering – should you tell him the truth or do you and the ring live unhappily ever after? I’d like to ring in on this one…



You have two clear choices, tell him the truth or just deal with it. In my opinion, there is only one option and that’s being honest. Now, of course this is a touchy subject and you don’t want to seem ungrateful or hurt his feelings after he’s put time into this piece of jewelry and, most likely, spent a pretty penny on it.  But, then again, hasn’t he just hurt yours? After all, how could the person you are expected to spend the rest of your life with not know the kind of ring you wanted. You begin to think: haven’t I been hinting at it? Was he not listening to me? Is this an indication of what kind of husband he is going to be? Is this a warning of things to come?



I won’t sugar coat if for you, when you break the news to him, it will probably hurt his feelings – but he will likely get over it. On the other hand, you have to stare down at this ring 24/7 for the rest of your life, hopefully. So it’s a matter of short term pain for long term gain. That’s my motto. 



In order to handle this in a graceful manner, follow these steps to insure minimal ego damage to your man. 



Step 1: Assess what you do and don’t like about the ring. This could be a quick and easy fix, like a change in the ring’s setting. You may not realize this but a change in setting could make a world of a difference.



Step 2: Make sure to open a bottle of wine and throw on his favorite outfit of yours! This will help soften the blow. 



Step 3: Be warm Replica Tag heuer watches, kind and gentle when you tell him. Make sure he knows you cherish and love him. Let him know you appreciate him giving you this ring and you are excited to spend the rest of your lives together, but this is not the ring you want to wear for the rest of your life.



Now take two steps forward because most likely you only have 30 days to let him know. Retail stores usually have a 30 day return policy so it’s best to break the news to your partner sooner than later! 



Remember, If he truly loves you and cares about your happiness, he will want you to be happy and proud of the ring you are wearing. You are the one wearing this ring, not him, so ultimately you have to love it.



Look on the bright side, this could be the first lesson in how to work together as a couple. You’re not always going to agree on everything but you will be able to work through everything, together. 



On the other hand, if you ask my brother and co-Founder Josh Replica Omega Watches, he’d suggest you sell it on www.idonowidont.com and find your new ring there. :)

Mara Opperman, Relationship etiquette expert and co-founder of IDoNowIDont.com

March 16th, 2012 | Comments Off

Michelle Obama, with Santa and the family dog Bo as an entourage, visited the Children’s National Medical Center in Washington, D.C., today to read the Christmas classic “Twas the Night Before Christmas” to a crowd of children and their families, continuing a tradition that dates back more than 60 years.

“Christmas is coming Replica tag heuer watches,” Obama said as she took her seat. “Is everyone excited?”

Throughout the poem, the first lady interjected her own commentary. As she read aloud, “He was dressed all in fur, from his head to his foot/ And his clothes were all tarnished/ with ashes and soot,” she looked over at Santa and told the kids, “He cleaned up for you guys.”

After story time, the children asked the first lady about Obama family traditions. She used the opportunity to remind the kids that vegetables can be a healthy holiday tradition.

“We have steak,” she told the kids. “We have lots of vegetables. String beans, carrots, broccoli — that’s our favorite. We have lots of vegetables that go with our food. With your dinner — having a little meat and vegetables can be a good thing.”

One child exclaimed “Ewww” when Obama said the family has steak on Christmas. “Ewwwww?” she quickly replied.

The president loves pie, she added.

She told the children that her favorite Christmas movie is the Jimmy Stewart classic, “It’s a Wonderful Life.”

“It’s an old black-and-white movie, I know,” she said. “It’s about a man who thinks he’s not useful in the world… He wishes he weren’t there and a little angel comes down and grants his wish. And he sees what would happen in the world if he wasn’t there. Even though he thinks his life isn’t significant, he sees that the whole town falls apart. And then he wakes up and realizes that he’s got a wonderful life. My favorite story.”

The first lady said she has not had a moment to tell Santa what she wants for Christmas, so she told him as he sat next to her.

“I really want all kids to grow up with the chance for a good life and to be healthy,” she said.

SHOWS: World News

March 7th, 2012 | Comments Off

By Bloomberg News

Feb. 29 (Bloomberg) — China’s stocks fell, dragging the benchmark index lower for the first time in nine days, on concern the government will retain measures to curb gains in housing prices this year.

China Vanke Co. led a gauge of developers down the most in three months after the China Securities Journal said Shanghai scrapped a plan allowing some non-local residents to buy second homes. PetroChina Co. slid the most in almost two weeks as crude oil traded near a one-week low. Chinese liquor maker Kweichow Moutai Co. and Wuliangye Yibin Co. advanced at least 1.3 percent on speculation earnings growth for consumer staples producers will be shielded from an economic slowdown.

The Shanghai Composite Index sank 23.37 points, or 1 percent, to 2,428.49 at the close, snapping an eight-day Replica rolex watches, 4 percent gain. The CSI 300 Index lost 1.1 percent to 2,634.14. The Bloomberg China-US 55 Index, the measure of the most-traded U.S.-listed Chinese companies, added 1.7 percent yesterday.

“The property policy reversal has damped investors’ expectations that an easing of policies would put the economy back on track,” said Dai Ming, a fund manager at Shanghai Kingsun Investment Management & Consulting Co. “That will weigh on sentiment given we’ve had a good rally this year.”

The Shanghai index advanced 5.9 percent in February, capping its biggest monthly gain since October 2010, on the prospect the central bank will add to a Feb. 18 cut in reserve requirements to halt a decline in economic growth. For the year, the measure has rebounded 10 percent and trades at 10.1 times estimated profit, compared with a record low of 8.9 times on Jan. 6, weekly data compiled by Bloomberg showed.

Residence Permits

The 14-day relative strength measure for the Shanghai Composite, measuring how rapidly prices have advanced or dropped during a specified time period, was at 71.7 yesterday. Readings above 70 indicate a price may be poised to fall.

A measure tracking property stocks in the Shanghai Composite sank 3 percent today, the most since Nov. 30. It had advanced 17 percent this year through yesterday on expectations local governments will challenge Beijing’s policy of cooling housing prices.

Vanke, the biggest listed property developer, dropped 2.8 percent to 8.28 yuan. Poly Real Estate Group Co., the second largest, declined 3.3 percent to 11.10 yuan. Gemdale Corp. retreated 3.2 percent to 5.80 yuan.

Shanghai halted a plan to allow non-local residents who have held the city’s residence permits for three years to buy second homes, the China Securities Journal reported yesterday, citing local housing transaction centers. The city was loosening its definition of locals to let the residence-permit holders to make second home purchases, the Shanghai Securities News reported last week.

Crude Oil

The city’s policy reversal is negative for property stocks and it’s a clear message that the central government doesn’t want loosening to take place too fast, Alan Jin, an analyst at Mizuho Securities Asia, wrote in a note to clients.

PetroChina, the nation’s biggest oil company, fell 0.8 percent to 10.52 yuan, its biggest loss since Feb. 16. China Oilfield Services Ltd., the drilling unit of the nation’s largest offshore oil producer, lost 1.6 percent to 17.39 yuan.

Oil for April delivery in New York dropped as much as 0.3 percent to $106.20 a barrel in electronic trading today. The contract yesterday slipped 1.9 percent to $106.55, the lowest close since Feb. 22 and the biggest drop since Jan. 20.

Consumer Stocks

A measure of 23 consumer staples stocks in the CSI 300 climbed 0.5 percent, the only gain among the 10 industry groups.

Kweichow Moutai, China’s biggest producer of baijiu liquor by market value, rose 1.9 percent to 204.46 yuan. Wuliangye, the second biggest Replica tag heuer watches, added 1.3 percent to 35.24 yuan. Beijing Yanjing Brewery Co., the third-biggest brewer, climbed 1 percent to 15.04 yuan.

Valuations for food and beverage companies were 24 percent more expensive than the broader market as of Feb. 27, less than half of the average historical premium of 58 percent since 2005, Tong Xun, an analyst at Shenyin & Wanguo Securities Co., wrote in a report yesterday. First-quarter profits for Kweichow Moutai and Wuliangye may increase as much as 45 percent from a year earlier, according to the report.

China’s statistics bureau and logistics federation is scheduled to release a manufacturing index for this month tomorrow. The measure may rebound to 50.9, according to the median estimate of 22 economists in a survey by Bloomberg News. It was at 50.5 in January, above the 50 threshold for expansion.

In U.S. trading yesterday, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed above 13,000 for the first time since 2008 after The Conference Board’s index of consumer confidence increased in February to the highest level in a year.

–Zhang Shidong. Editors: Darren Boey, Chan Tien Hin

To contact Bloomberg News staff for this story: Zhang Shidong in Shanghai at szhang5@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Darren Boey at dboey@bloomberg.net

Business Exchange E-mail Print READER DISCUSSION

March 7th, 2012 | Comments Off

By Michael B. Marois and Alison Vekshin

(Updates with S&P downgrade in penultimate paragraph.)

Feb. 29 (Bloomberg) — Stockton, California, moved closer to bankruptcy with a City Council vote to default on some bonds and begin a process that’s required under state law prior to seeking court protection.

The council voted 6-1 yesterday to enter mediation with its biggest creditors, such as bond insurers and labor unions, to seek concessions aimed at helping the community of 292,000 avoid becoming the largest U.S. city by population to enter bankruptcy.

“We still are working to try to avoid the ultimate bankruptcy,” Mayor Ann Johnston said near the end of an almost six-hour City Council meeting yesterday. “If the players don’t come together and agree to a fix that everybody can live with, we’re in deep trouble because then we have no more choices left.”

Stockton, a farming center about 55 miles (90 kilometers) south of Sacramento, has fought to avert a court filing. Rising employment costs such as retiree health benefits as well as debt tied to economic growth have consumed larger amounts of the city’s general fund, while the local economy hasn’t recovered from the recession. Twice since 2010, Stockton has declared fiscal emergencies.

“There are no other alternatives,” City Manager Bob Deis said. More service reductions, pay cuts for city employees and tax increases aren’t viable, he said.

New State Law

The vote invokes a law signed by Governor Jerry Brown in October that requires cities to either rely on an outside mediator to help resolve disputes with creditors and unions, or to declare a fiscal emergency prior to seeking bankruptcy. After 60 days without a resolution through mediation, or if the city runs out of money, it can then seek court protection.

The law was sought by public-employee unions after Vallejo, a city of 120,000 in the San Francisco Bay Area, went bankrupt in 2008 and asked a court to help it void labor contracts.

The council also voted to skip $2 million of payments on $320 million of bonds sold by the city and its public-finance and redevelopment agencies. Deis has said most of the debt is covered by insurance. Insurers agree to pay investors if the city can’t or won’t.

“In the event that debt service payments by the city are interrupted, National will ensure that its policyholders will receive all of their principal and interest payments on time and in full,” Kevin Brown, a spokesman for National Public Finance Guarantee Corp., said before the council meeting. The company, along with Assured Guaranty Corp. and Ambac Assurance Corp., backs the debt.

‘Given Significantly’

“Labor has already given, and given significantly,” Marc Levinson of the Sacramento-based law firm Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP, which represents the city, said in a presentation to the council.

“The bond holders have not Replica franck muller watches, they’ve not been asked to,” said Levinson, who assisted Vallejo in its bankruptcy. “If the council passes its resolution tonight, they’re going to, on March 1. They will start feeling the pain that labor in this city and the citizens have felt for a long time.”

The council voted to cut its fiscal 2012 budget by $15 million to deal with what Deis called bookkeeping and accounting errors. The fiscal year ends June 30. The deficit made the default and mediation necessary to prevent insolvency before that point.

Revenue Bond

A Stockton parking-revenue bond sold in June 2004 and maturing in September 2014 traded today at an average yield of 5.31 percent, about 32 basis points lower than yesterday, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. A basis point is 0.01 percentage point.

The council agreed to extend its fiscal emergency declaration, suspend payouts to retiring employees and to enlist an independent investigator to identify those responsible for the city’s financial issues.

“I would think that they are material enough to our situation that red lights would have popped on,” Deis said when asked why auditors hadn’t reported the bookkeeping errors.

Soaring home prices spurred a real estate boom in Stockton in the past decade Replica tag heuer watches, with single-family home construction tripling to 7,500 units a year from 2003 to 2005, compared with most of the 1990s, according to Robert Denk, senior economist at the National Association of Home Builders in Washington. Homebuilding collapsed in 2009, with fewer than 1,000 completed, Denk said.

Foreclosure Rate

By last year, Stockton had the second-highest foreclosure rate in the U.S. among cities with a population of more than 200,000, trailing only Las Vegas, according to RealtyTrac Inc. in Irvine, California. In Stockton’s San Joaquin County, assessed property values tumbled almost 11 percent in fiscal 2010, followed by 3.9 percent in 2011 and 4 percent in the current year, according to the county’s website.

Stockton had the nation’s eighth-highest violent crime rate in 2010 and the eighth-highest unemployment rate in December, at 15.9 percent, almost double the national average. Stockton was named the “most miserable city” in the U.S. twice in the past four years by Forbes.com, out of the 200 largest metropolitan statistical areas.

While the city has reduced spending by $60 million in the past two years, including cutting a quarter of the roughly 425- member police force, Deis said he expects a shortfall of as much as $20 million in fiscal 2013. That amount might balloon to $39 million if union concessions are blocked by the courts, he said.

Earlier Decisions

Deis blamed part of the financial troubles on previous City Council decisions to boost retiree health-care benefits without determining how to pay for them. As a result, the city has an unfunded liability of $417 million for retiree health services.

“Normally, when you make entitlements like that, you fund it like an entitlement that lasts a lifetime,” Deis said. “We set aside nothing for these programs. That’s why we are having the problems we are having.”

Standard & Poor’s, which last week lowered Stockton to BB, two steps below investment grade, cut its rating again today by another eight levels, to CC, with a negative outlook.

Fitch Ratings on Feb. 27 downgraded $252.4 million in Stockton water-revenue bonds to BBB-, its lowest investment grade, from AA-. Moody’s Investors Service cut Stockton to two levels below investment level last week, to Ba2.

–With assistance from Brian Chappatta in New York. Editors: Pete Young, Mark Schoifet

To contact the reporters on this story: Michael B. Marois in Sacramento at mmarois@bloomberg.net; Alison Vekshin in San Francisco at avekshin@bloomberg.net

To contact the editor responsible for this story: Mark Tannenbaum at mtannen@bloomberg.net

Business Exchange E-mail Print READER DISCUSSION

March 6th, 2012 | Comments Off

ST. JOHN’S, N.L. — The Newfoundland and Labrador legislature reopens today after sitting for just 33 days in the last 14 months.

Lieutenant Governor John Crosbie will read a throne speech to chart the Tory government’s course.

Premier Kathy Dunderdale was criticized by opposition parties for not reopening the legislature after last October’s election.

The Tories won a third straight majority government.

But Dunderdale said the house of assembly’s main focus is to pass laws Replica vacheron constantin watches, and that no bills would be ready for a fall sitting.

NDP Leader Lorraine Michael says the government has promised action for years on whistle blower protections and long-term care.

She says there’s no reason why the government could not have come up with legislation for a late fall sitting.

Michael and Liberal Leader Dwight Ball say they’ll ask questions on the planned $6.2billion Muskrat Falls hydroelectric project.

Ball says he’s not convinced the development is needed Replica tag heuer watches, and that he’ll also raise questions about search and rescue services.

There have been vigils in the province since 14-year-old Burton Winters died on the frozen Labrador Sea.

His family says it took too long for military aircraft to help search for the boy when he went missing in January.

February 27th, 2012 | Comments Off

Replica Tag heuer watches
Adele picture

Adele Wins Six Grammys

Adele swept the Grammy awards last night (12.02.12), taking home six trophies, including the coveted Album of the Year for ‘21′.

Adele swept the Grammy awards last night (12.02.12), taking home six trophies.

The British singer was the big winner at the US event – held in Los Angeles – taking home trophies for Record of the Year, Short Form Music Video and Song of the Year for her single ‘Rolling in the Deep’, Pop Solo Performance for ‘Someone Like You’, and both Pop Vocal Album and the coveted Album of the Year for her second record, ‘21′.

Picking up the last award, she said: “I just first want to say ‘Mum, girl did good.’

“This record is inspired by something that is really normal and everyone’s been through it, just a rubbish relationship, and it’s gone on to do things I can’t tell you how I feel about it, it’s been the most life-changing year.”

Adele, 23, also thanked doctors who had operated on her vocal cords last year in order to save her voice, and gave her first performance since then, singing ‘Rolling in the Deep’, which received a standing ovation.

The show also included tributes to Whitney Houston – who was tragically found dead at the Beverly Hilton hotel on Saturday (11.02.12) – with Jennifer Hudson giving a moving rendition of one of her biggest hits, ‘I Will Always Love You’.

Host LL Cool J led the crowd in a prayer, and said: “We were up all night, and we just wanted to figure out and show Whitney Houston, the love, the respect she deserves.”

Elsewhere at the awards, Foo Fighters picked up five trophies, including Best Rock Performance for their track ‘Walk’.

Singer Dave Grohl said: “Rather than go to the best studio, We made this one in my garage with some microphones and a tape machine.

“It shows that the human element of making music is what’s most important.”

Kanye West had the most nominations ahead of the awards with seven, and took home four, including Best Rap Album for ‘My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy’, and both Rap Song and Rap/Sung Collaboration for his single ‘All of the Lights’.

Dance music prodcuer Skrillex took home two awards, Dance/Electronica Album for his second album ‘Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites’, and Dance Recording for its title track.

Grammy Awards 2012, edited list of winners:

Album of the Year: ‘21′, Adele

Record of the Year: ‘Rolling in the Deep’, Adele

Song of the Year: ‘Rolling in the Deep’, Adele Adkins & Paul Epworth

New Artist: Bon Iver

Pop Solo Performance: ‘Someone Like You’, Adele

Pop Performance by a Duo or Group: ‘Body and Soul’, Tony Bennett & Amy Winehouse

Pop Vocal Album: ‘21′, Adele

Alternative Album: ‘Bon Iver’, Bon Iver

Rock Song: ‘Walk’, Foo Fighters

Rock Album: ‘Wasting Light’, Foo Fighters

Rock Performance: ‘Walk’, Foo Fighters

Hard Rock/Metal Performance: ‘White Limo’, Foo Fighters

R&B Album: ‘F.A.M.E.’, Chris Brown

R&B Song: ‘Fool For You’, Cee Lo Green Melanie Hallim & Jack Splash

R&B Performance: ‘Is This Love’, Corrine Bailey Rae

Traditional R&B Vocal Performance: ‘Fool For You’, Cee Lo Green & Melanie Fiona

Rap Album: ‘My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy’, Kanye West

Rap Performance: ‘Otis’, Jay-Z and Kanye West

Rap Song: ‘All of the Lights’, Jeff Bhasker Stacy Ferguson Malik Jones Warren Trotter & Kanye West

Rap/Sung Collaboration: ‘All of the Lights’, Kanye West Rihanna Kid Cudi & Fergie

Dance Recording: ‘Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites’, Skrillex

Dance/Electronica Album: ‘Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites’, Skrillex

Country Solo Performance: ‘Mean’, Taylor Swift

Country Album: ‘Own the Night’, Lady Antebellum

Country Performance by a Duo or Group: ‘Barton Hollow’, The Civil Wars

Country Song: ‘Mean’, Taylor Swift

Blues Album: ‘Revelator’, Tedeschi Trucks Band

Folk Album: ‘Barton Hollow’, The Civil Wars